Lit Terms List 3

1. exposition: beginning of a story that sets forth facts, ideas, and/or characters, in a detailed explanation
2. expressionism: movement in art, literature, and music consisting of unrealistic representation of an inner idea or feeling
3. fable: a short, simple story, usually with animals as characters, designed to teach a moral truth
4. fallacy: from the Latin word "to deceive", a false or misleading notion, belief, or argument; any kind of erroneous reasoning that makes arguments unsound
5. falling action: part of the narrative or drama after the climax
6. farce: boisterous comedy with ludicrous comedy and dialogue
7. figurative language: imaginative language characterized by figures of speech (such as a simile or metaphor)
8. flashback: narrative device that flashes back to prior events
9. foil: person or thing that, by contrast, makes another seem better or more prominent
10. folk tale: story passed on by word of mouth
11. foreshadowing: in fiction and drama, a device to prepare the reader for the outcome of the action; "planning" to make the outcome convincing though not to give it away
12. free verse: verse without a conventional metrical pattern, with irregular pattern or no rhyme
13. genre: category or class of artistic endeavor having a particular form, technique, content
14. Gothic tale: style in literature characterized by gloomy settings, violet or grotesque action, and a mood of decay, degeneration, decadence
15. hyperbole: exaggerated statement often used as a figure of speech or to prove a point
16. imagery: figures of or vivid description, conveying images through any use of the senses
17. implication: meaning or understanding that is to be arrived at by the reader but that is not fully and explicitly stated by the author
18. incongruity: deliberate joining of opposites or of elements that aren't appropriate to each other
19. inference: judgement or conclusion based on evidence presented; the forming of  an opinion which possesses some degree of probability according to the facts already available
20. irony: contrast or incongruity between what is said and what is meant, or what is thought to happen and what actually happens.

Today's Lecture

-when Dickens wrote, his neighbors frequently called the cops because he would start talking in the voices of his characters (yelling, screaming, jump on top of a piano, etc.) 

-creative genius looks nuts to people who don't have it

-Jim Morrison: "I'm just taking notes at this great concert inside my head." on how people ask him how he writes his great poetry

-most artists have internal visions that guide them in their creative processes

-AP analysis usually not what the authors intended 

Masterpiece Conversations

-"What do I need?" 

•how much time for the purpose

•what opportunities do I need

•who do I need to meet?

•resources: materials, people,money, etc.

•space: dedicated work space? 

-"What do I want?"

•to make social impact?

•master something always been curious about?

•something that will benefit your future goals?

•need to make it personally relevant, not what Preston wants, so that it really is our masterpiece

Lit Terms List 2

1. circumlocution - noun an indirect way of expressing something; a style that involves indirect ways of expressing things

2. classicism - noun a movement in literature and art during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe that favored rationality and restraint and strict forms

3. cliche - noun a trite or obvious remark

4. climax - noun the decisive moment in a novel or play; arrangement of clauses in ascending order of forcefulness; the highest point of anything conceived of as growing or developing or unfolding

5. colloquialism - noun a colloquial expression; characteristic of spoken or written communication that seeks to imitate informal speech

6. comedy - noun light and humorous drama with a happy ending; a comic incident or series of incidents

7. conflict - noun opposition in a work of drama or fiction between characters or forces (especially an opposition that motivates the development of the plot)

8. connotation - noun an idea that is implied or suggested; what you must know in order to determine the reference of an expression

9. contrast - noun the act of distinguishing by comparing differences the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors; the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared; verb put in opposition to show or emphasize differences; to show differences when compare

10 denotation - noun the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to; the act of indicating or pointing out by name

11.denouement - noun the final resolution of the main complication of a literary or dramatic work; the outcome of a complex sequence of events

12. dialect - noun the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

13. dialectics - noun a rationale for dialectical materialism based on change through the conflict of opposing forces

14. dichotomy - noun being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses

15. diction - noun the manner in which something is expressed in words; the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

16. didactic - adj. instructive (especially excessively)

17. dogmatic - adj. characterized by assertion of unproved or unprovable principles; relating to or involving dogma; of or pertaining to or characteristic of a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative

18. elegy - noun a mournful poem; a lament for the dead

19. epic - adj. very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale); constituting or having to do with or suggestive of a literary epic; noun a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds

20. epigram - noun a witty saying

Great Expectations notes

-Pip's transformation of thinking he gets what he wants without working to learning he needs to make sacrifices

- adulthood: cynical loss of belief

-Pip imagines ideal adults because he didn't have parents 

-strong sense of feeling unwanted

-believes he's above family and marriage, but then again not too sure of himself

-feels family void but allowing himself to be influenced by those he surrounds himself with

-Magwitch: bogey man, eats like a dog "animal", implied selfish brutality, potential for violence, represents Pip's potential to be alone again, Pip sees himself in Magwitch and the contact magnifies along with his fear

-Havasham: "have shame" sham: fraud; adopted Estella, woman of means, symbolizes horrible decay, house stuck in the moment she was left at the alter, sacrifices her life to one of memory and betrayal; she is essentially a monster

-"beggar your neighbor" Pip realizes Havasham hasn't nurtured Estella, she brought her up to plot revenge against men, but Pip fell in love with her even  though he wasn't supposed to and was used in the revenge process, Pip likes that she adopted Estella but he lacks description when talking to other characters about them because of who they truly are 

-fairy tale interpretation is interrupted as Havasham and Magwitch disappear but return by the end

-Pip sees characters of J as himself because it is interchangeable with the letter "I"

-Joe/Jagger's poets lie in their potential rather than their use

-Joe lives by feeling and how intuition tells him to

-Jaggers lives by the letter of the law, similarized by Estella, Molly, Havasham, and only trusts the facts

-"Pip" is a seed or something that hasn't become yet

Lit Terms: List 1

1. Allegory: uses fictional characters or events to describe something by resemblances; and extended metaphor; a short moral story that usually uses animals as characters

2. Alliteration: use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in the line of a verse

3. Allusion: passing reference or indirect mention

4. Ambiguity: unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning; an expression whose meaning can't be determined by its context

5. Anachronism: artifact that belongs to another time; person who seems displaced in time; something located at a time when it couldn't have existed

6. Analogy: drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity without using like or as

7. Analysis: the structure of a piece of writing is analyzed (form of literary criticism)

8. Anaphora: using a pronoun or similar word instead of repeating a word used earlier; repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses

9. Anecdote: short account of an incident (usually at the beginning)

10. Antagonist: someone who offers opposition

11. Antithesis: the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas to give a feeling of balance; exact opposite

12. Aphorism: short pithy instructive saying

13. Apologia: formal written defense of something you believe strongly in 

14. Apostrophe: indicates the omission of one or more letters from a printed word

15. Argument: summary of the subject or plot of a literary work

16. Assumption: statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn

17. Audience: gathering of spectators or listeners at a performance

18. Characterization: graphic or vivid description

19. Chiasmus: inversion in the second of two parallel phrases

Big Question: Update

I have actually changed my big question as my previous one about why happiness varies from person to person; species to species; etc. was too broad and was provoked out of pure curiosity. I was conversing with my father a couple days ago and he made me question what this world would be like if humans didn't need to sleep. To start off with the obvious, our lives would essentially be thirty percent longer, but is that necessarily a good thing? Would we use those extra hours for greatness or evil? Would life feel rather similar to today as we learned to adapt? Clearly we would have more time to accomplish tasks without feeling exhausted, but with more time would we be assigned more so time allotment would feel identical? This also makes me wonder if food and water would play such a huge role in our lives if it didn't need to be provided as an energy source? Also would we ever feel tired or energized or simply remain in a state of neither? This particular topic sparked so much interest in me because I for one, LOVE my sleep and actually look forward to it at the end of the night. However, it seems to consume too much of my time when I need to complete tasks or it distracts me when I need to be focusing. I feel like it is extremely relevant to today as the majority of people rely on it so much after a long day of working hard, playing sports, taking advanced classes in school, and/or eating unhealthy foods that only provide comfort and temporary satisfaction without really energizing one's body properly. I personally need to sleep excessively on the weekends to catch up on the hours I missed throughout the week, which really irritates me when I wake up and lunch is ready because I have slept through half the day and missed half the opportunities that could have potentially been presented to me. Learning about what life would be like without sleep (assuming it would be more than fantastic) will hopefully inspire me to lead a healthier lifestyle so that I will need less of it because ceasing it entirely from my life would be impossible and crazy! In order to really understand what life would be like, I will first need to uncover the true beauty of sleep and the science behind it all. I will need to read articles as to why we need sleep in the first place. Then I will be able to determine what would need to happen in order for our bodies to maintain homeostasis without the slumber and from there it would most like be predictions and the studies from scientists.