- Hamlet is not confused but is rather in a state of cognitive paralysis
- Throughout much of the play he is able to speak and not do, but he has many great and varying powers
- J.L. Austin said that certain language doesn't merely describe actions but acts in being spoken
- Austin divided performative ability of language into: locutionary force (ability of language to deliver a message, the force of mutual intelligibility), the illocutionary force (what is done in being said), and the perlocutionary force (what is achieved by being said and its consequences)
- This represents a bridge between the business of language and the business of "real"
- Harold Bloom stated that Shakespeare's characters overhear themselves speaking and thus gain self- knowledge
- Hamlet's utterances allowed him to be successful in his actions as throughout most of the play he could not actually perform what he envisioned in his mind but his utterances aided this
- This had to occur as in Shakespeare's plays, his characters needed to voice their innermost thoughts to the audience due to the nature of his dramatic plays
- First Player's verbal, and not physical, action moves him accompanied by outward demonstrations of emotion
- States that the main problem of this play is that characters represent their feelings and intentions in a manner that opposes reality
- Hamlet describes exactly to the players what he would consider to be a convincing performance
- He tells them to act natural without overacting
- Polonius is vulnerable to Hamlet because of his mechanistic view of human nature
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